Telecom infrastructures are facing unprecedented challenges, with increasing demands on network capacity. Today, network\r\noperators must determine how to expand the existing access network infrastructure into networks capable of satisfying the userââ?¬â?¢s\r\nrequirements. Thus, in this context, providers need to identify the technological solutions that enable them to profitably serve\r\ncustomers and support future needs. However, the identification of the ââ?¬Å?bestââ?¬Â solution is a difficult task. Although the cost of\r\nbandwidth in the active layer has reduced significantly (and continually) in recent years, the cost of the civil worksââ?¬â?such as\r\ndigging and trenchingââ?¬â?represents a major barrier for operators to deploy NGA infrastructure. Duct is a critical part of the nextgeneration\r\naccess networks, and its sharing would reduce or eliminate this capital cost and this barrier to entry. The aim of this\r\npaper is to provide a better understanding of the economics of broadband access networks technologies (wireline and wireless),\r\ntheir role in the deployment of several services in different regions, and the development of competition in the access networks.
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